Tuesday, July 14, 2015
12 FOODS FOR BREAST CANCER REDUCTION AND PREVENTION
A healthy diet isn't a magic bullet against cancer, but new research suggests it may help. Two studies just released by the University of California, San Diego, and the Genesis Prevention Center at University Hospital in South Manchester, England, show that a meal plan rich in fruits and veggies and low in starchy carbohydrates may help prevent breast cancer and breast cancer recurrence.
In fact, diet may even play a greater role than weight management in breast cancer prevention. “Overweight women who exercise 150 minutes a week and eat lots of fruits and veggies have a lower risk of breast cancer than normal-weight women who are sedentary and have a low intake of fruits and veggies,” says nutritionist Mary Marian, MS, RD, CSO, a research specialist and lecturer at the University of Arizona College of Medicine in Tucson. She recommends careful shopping in the produce section, seafood department, and spice aisle to help you create an anti-cancer nutrition plan. The following foods, in particular, may offer nutrients that promote better breast health and boost your immune system.
Monday, July 13, 2015
THE MOST AMBITIOUS BUILDING PROJECT EVER UNDERTAKEN BY ANY CIVILIZATION
Perhaps the most recognizable symbol of China and its long and vivid history, the Great Wall of China actually consists of numerous walls and fortifications, many running parallel to each other. Originally conceived by Emperor Qin Shi Huang (c. 259-210 B.C.) in the third century B.C. as a means of preventing incursions from barbarian nomads into the Chinese Empire, the wall is one of the most extensive construction projects ever completed. The best-known and best-preserved section of the Great Wall was built in the 14th through 17th centuries A.D., during the Ming dynasty (1368-1644). Though the Great Wall never effectively prevented invaders from entering China, it came to function more as a psychological barrier between Chinese civilization and the world, and remains a powerful symbol of the country’s enduring strength.
QIN DYNASTY CONSTRUCTION
Though the beginning of the Great Wall of China can be traced to the third century B.C., many of the fortifications included in the wall date from hundreds of years earlier, when China was divided into a number of individual kingdoms during the so-called Warring States Period. Around 220 B.C., Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of a unified China, ordered that earlier fortifications between states be removed and a number of existing walls along the northern border be joined into a single system that would extend for more than 10,000 li (a li is about one-third of a mile) and protect China against attacks from the north.
Did You Know?
When Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered construction of the Great Wall around 221 B.C., the labor force that built the wall was made up largely of soldiers and convicts. It is said that as many as 400,000 people died during the wall's construction; many of these workers were buried within the wall itself.
Construction of the “Wan Li Chang Cheng,” or 10,000-Li-Long Wall, was one of the most ambitious building projects ever undertaken by any civilization. The famous Chinese general Meng Tian directed the project, and was said to have used a massive army of soldiers, convicts and commoners as workers. Made mostly of earth and stone, the wall stretched from the China Sea port of Shanhaiguan over 3,000 miles west into Gansu province. In some strategic areas, sections of the wall overlapped for maximum security (including the Badaling stretch, north of Beijing, that was later restored by the Ming dynasty). From a base of 15 to 50 feet, the Great Wall rose some 15-30 feet high and was topped by ramparts 12 feet or higher; guard towers were distributed at intervals along it.
The Great Wall of China Through the Centuries
With the death of Qin Shi Huang and the fall of the Qin dynasty, much of the Great Wall fell into disrepair. After the fall of the Han dynasty (206 B.C.-220 A.D.), a series of frontier tribes seized control in northern China. The most powerful of these was the Northern Wei dynasty (386-535 A.D.), which repaired and extended the existing wall to defend against attacks from other tribes. The Bei Qi kingdom (550–577) built or repaired more than 900 miles of wall, and the short-lived but effective Sui dynasty (581–618) repaired and extended the Great Wall of China a number of times.
With the fall of the Sui and the rise of the Tang dynasty (618-907), the Great Wall lost its importance as a fortification, as China had defeated the Tujue tribe to the north and expanded past the original frontier protected by the wall. During the Song dynasty (960-1279), the Chinese were forced to withdraw under threat from the Liao and Jin peoples to the north, who took over many areas on both sides of the Great Wall. The powerful Yuan (Mongol) dynasty (1206-1368) established by Genghis Khan eventually controlled all of China, parts of Asia and sections of Europe. Though the Great Wall held little importance for the Mongols as a military fortification, soldiers were assigned to man the wall in order to protect merchants and caravans traveling along the profitable trade routes established during this period.
Wall Building During the Ming Dynasty
Despite its long history, the Great Wall of China as it is exists today was constructed mainly during the mighty Ming dynasty (1368-1644). Like the Mongols, the early Ming rulers had little interest in building border fortifications, and wall building was limited before the late 15th century. In 1421, the Ming emperor Yongle proclaimed China’s new capital, Beijing, on the site of the former Mongol city of Dadu. Under the strong hand of the Ming rulers, Chinese culture flourished, and the period saw an immense amount of construction in addition to the Great Wall, including bridges, temples and pagodas. The construction of the Great Wall as it is known today began around 1474. After an initial phase of territorial expansion, Ming rulers took a largely defensive stance, and their reformation and extension of the Great Wall was key to this strategy.
The Ming wall extended from the Yalu River in Liaoning Province to the eastern bank of the Taolai River in Gansu Province, and winded its way from east to west through today’s Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia and Gansu.
Starting west of Juyong Pass, the Great Wall was split into south and north lines, respectively named the Inner and Outer Walls. Strategic “passes” (i.e., fortresses) and gates were placed along the wall; the Juyong, Daoma and Zijing passes, closest to Beijing, were named the Three Inner Passes, while further west were Yanmen, Ningwu and Piantou, the Three Outer Passes. All six passes were heavily garrisoned during the Ming period and considered vital to the defense of the capital.
Significance of the Great Wall of China
In the mid-17th century, the Manchus from central and southern Manchuria broke through the Great Wall and encroached on Beijing, eventually forcing the fall of the Ming dynasty and beginning of the Qing (Manchu) dynasty (1644-1912). Between the 18th and 20th centuries, the Great Wall emerged as the most common emblem of China for the Western world, and a symbol both physical–a manifestation of Chinese strength–and psychological–a representation of the barrier maintained by the Chinese state to repel foreign influences and exert control over its citizens.
Today, the Great Wall is generally recognized as one of the most impressive architectural feats in history. In 1987, UNESCO designated the Great Wall a World Heritage site, and a popular claim that emerged in the 20th century holds that it is the only manmade structure that is visible from the moon. Over the years, roadways have been cut through the wall in various points, and many sections have deteriorated after centuries of neglect. The best-known section of the Great Wall of China–Badaling, located 43 miles (70 km) northwest of Beijing–was rebuilt in the late 1950s, and attracts thousands of national and foreign tourists every day.
Saturday, July 11, 2015
LIST OF SIGNING BY CLUBS ACROSS EUROPE
Yohan Cabaye [Paris St-Germain - Crystal Palace] £10m
Shay Given [Aston Villa - Stoke] Free
Idrissa Gueye [Lille - Aston Villa ] Undisclosed
Angelo Ogbonna [Juventus - West Ham] £10m (reported)
Marco van Ginkel [Chelsea - Stoke] Loan
Football League
Adam Bartlett [Gateshead - Hartlepool] Free
Tyler Blackwood [Unattached - QPR] Free
David Cornell [Swasnea - Oldham] Free
Kyle Dempsey [Carlisle - Huddersfield] Undisclosed
Michael Harriman [QPR - Wycombe] Loan
Luke James [Peterborough - Bradford] Loan
Lloyd Jones [Liverpool - Blackpool] Loan
Alex Lopez [Celta Vigo - Sheffield Wednesday] Loan
Josh McEachran [Chelsea - Brentford] £750,000
Jamie Ness [Stoke - Scunthorpe] Free
Lewis Price [Crystal Palace - Sheffield Wednesday] Free
Jack Redshaw [Morecambe - Blackpool] Undisclosed
Ross Wallace [Burnley - Sheffield Wednesday] Free
Conor Wilkinson [Bolton - Barnsley] Loan
Jordan Williams [Liverpool - Swindon] Loan
Scottish Premiership
Dale Carrick [Hearts - Kilmarnock] Free
Stuart Findlay [Celtic - Kilmarnock] Loan
9 JULY
Premier League
Mark Bunn [Norwich - Aston Villa] Free
Football League
Shaun Batt [Leyton Orient - Barnet] Free
Marco Matias [Nacional - Sheffield Wednesday] Undisclosed
Liam McAlinden [Wolves - Shrewsbury] Loan
Mark O'Brien [Derby - Luton] Free
Joe Wright [Huddersfield - Accrington] Loan
Scottish Premiership
Nadir Ciftci [Dundee United - Celtic] £1.5m
Global
Steven Nzonzi [Stoke City - Sevilla] £7m
8 JULY
Premier League
Toby Alderweireld [Atletico Madrid - Tottenham] Undisclosed
Football League
Graham Burke [Aston Villa - Notts County] Free
Eggert Jonsson [FC Vestsjaelland - Fleetwood] Free
Will Keane [Manchester United - Preston] Loan
Filip Valencic [Monza - Notts County] Free
Romain Vincelot [Leyton Orient - Coventry] Undisclosed
Scottish Premiership
Logan Bailly [OH Leuven - Celtic] Undisclosed
7 JULY
Premier League
Cuco Martina [FC Twente - Southampton] Undisclosed
Football League
Sammy Ameobi [Newcastle - Cardiff] Loan
Craig Davies [Bolton - Wigan] Free
Julian Jenner [Disogyor - Notts County] Free
Jamie O'Hara [Blackpool - Fulham] Free
Jayden Stockley [Bournemouth - Portsmouth] Loan
Jelle Vossen [Genk - Burnley] Undisclosed
Scottish Premiership
Jordan Roberts [Aldershot - Inverness] Free
Global
Bryan Ruiz [Fulham - Sporting Lisbon] Undisclosed
6 JULY
Premier League
Etienne Capoue [Tottenham - Watford] Undisclosed
Enes Unal [Bursaspor - Manchester City] Undisclosed
Football League
Alex Baptiste [Bolton - Middlesbrough] Undisclosed
Billy Bingham [Dagenham & Redbridge - Crewe] Free
Adam Campbell [Newcastle - Notts County] Free
Richard Chaplow [Millwall - Doncaster] Free
Kyle De Silva [Crystal Palace - Notts County] Free
Michael Doyle [Sheffield United - Portsmouth] Free
Joe Edwards [Yeovil - Colchester] Free
Greg Halford [Nottingham Forest - Rotherham] Free
Niki Maenpaa [VVV-Venlo - Brighton] Free
Remi Matthews [Norwich - Burton] Loan
Eddie Nolan [Scunthorpe - York] Free
Sanmi Odelusi [Bolton - Wigan] Undisclosed
Derik Osede [Real Madrid - Bolton] Free
Kudus Oyenuga [Dundee United - Hartlepool] Free
Ollie Palmer [Mansfield - Leyton Orient] Undisclosed
Sam Ricketts [Wolves - Coventry] Free
Josh Simpson [Crawley - Plymouth] Free
Genaro Snijders [FC Oss - Notts County] Free
Andrai Jones [Gateshead - Southport] Free
Scottish Premiership
None
Global
Nani [Manchester United - Fenerbahce] £4.25m
Andrea Pirlo [Juventus - New York City] Free
Arda Turan [Atletico Madrid - Barcelona] £24m
4 JULY
Premier League
None
Football League
Sam Beasant [Stevenage - Cambridge] Free
Jonathan Bond [Watford - Reading] Undisclosed
Tony Craig [Brentford - Millwall] Free
Danny Green [MK Dons - Luton] Free
Scottish Premiership
None
Global
Lukas Podolski [Arsenal - Galatasaray] £1.8m
3 JULY
Premier League
Radamel Falcao [Monaco - Chelsea] Loan
Football League
Mawouna Amevor [Go Ahead Eagles - Notts County] Free
Anthony Barry [Forest Green - Accrington] Free
Troy Brown [Cheltenham - Exeter] Free
Jamie Burrows [Rangers - Yeovil] Free
Graham Carey [Ross County - Plymouth] Free
Conor Coady [Huddersfield - Wolves] £2m
Danny Collins [Nottingham Forest - Rotherham] Free
Mark Duffy [Birmingham - Burton] Loan
George Elokobi [Oldham - Colchester] Free
Jack Hunt [Crystal Palace - Sheff Wednesday] Loan
Thomas Ince [Hull - Derby] £4.75m
Tony McMahon [Blackpool - Bradford] Free
Max Power [Tranmere - Wigan] Fee to be set by tribunal
Tom Thorpe [Manchester United - Rotherham] Free
Anthony Wordsworth [Ipswich - Southend] Free
Scottish Premiership
None
Global
Luiz Adriano [Shakhtar Donetsk - AC Milan] £5.7m
Mario Pasalic [Chelsea - Monaco] Loan
2 JULY
Premier League
Jose Holebas [Roma - Watford] £1.8m
Football League
Andreas Bjelland [FC Twente - Brentford] £2.1m
Gaetan Bong [Wigan - Brighton] Free
Ryan Clarke [Oxford - Northampton] Free
Max Ehmer [QPR - Gillingham] Free
Tom Elliott [Cambridge - AFC Wimbledon] Free
Neil Etheridge [Charlton - Walsall] Free
Emmanuel Ledesma [Middlesbrough - Rotherham] Free
Paul McShane [Hull - Reading] Free
Ainsley Maitland-Niles [Arsenal - Ipswich] Loan
Cristian Montano [Unattached - Bristol Rovers]
David Mooney [Leyton Orient - Southend] Free
Brandon Ormonde-Ottewill [Arsenal - Swindon] Free
Karleigh Osborne [Bristol City - AFC Wimbledon] Loan
Sebastian Polter [FSV Mainz - QPR] Undisclosed
Jazz Richards [Swansea - Fulham] Undisclosed
Jon Stead [Huddersfield - Notts County] Free
Jamie Ward [Derby - Nottingham Forest] Free
Luke Williams [Middlesbrough - Scunthorpe] Free
Scottish Premiership
None
Global
Carlos Bacca [Sevilla - AC Milan] £21m
Andy Delort [Wigan - Caen] Undisclosed
1 JULY
Premier League
Nathaniel Clyne [Southampton - Liverpool] £12.5m
Sebastian Coates [Liverpool - Sunderland] Undisclosed
Sylvain Distin [Everton - Bournemouth] Free
Eder [Sporting Braga - Swansea] Undisclosed
Matej Vydra [Udinese - Watford] Undisclosed
Football League
Ben Amos [Manchester United - Bolton] Free
Stephen Arthurworrey [Fulham - Yeovil] Loan
Andy Barcham [Portsmouth - AFC Wimbledon] Free
Jason Demetriou [Anorthosis Famagusta - Walsall] Free
Ryan Dickson [Crawley - Yeovil] Nominal
Konstantin Kerschbaumer [FC Admira Wacker Modling - Brentford] Undisclosed
Tomasz Kuszczak [Wolves - Birmingham] Free
Gary Madine [Sheffield Wednesday - Bolton] Free
Simon Makienok [Palermo - Charlton] Loan
Paddy McCourt [Brighton - Luton] Free
Matt Mills [Bolton - Nottingham Forest] Free
Jason Mooney [York - Accrington] Free
Josh Morris [Blackburn - Bradford] Free
Magnus Okuonghae [Colchester - Luton] Free
Chris Wood [Leicester - Leeds] Undisclosed
Scottish Premiership
David Amoo [Carlisle - Partick Thistle] Free
Saidy Janko [Manchester United - Celtic] Compensation
Global
Benoit Assou-Ekotto [Unattached - St Etienne]
Douglas Costa [Shakhtar Donetsk - Bayern Munich] £21m
Samuel Eto'o [Sampdoria - Antalyaspor] Undisclosed
Lewis Holtby [Tottenham - Hamburg] Undisclosed
Miranda [Atletico Madrid - Inter Milan] Undisclosed
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